Politics
This section presents my personal political views, principles, and positions.
My political thinking is primarily grounded in the three principles of the French Republic:
- liberty;
- equality;
- fraternity.
I consider these principles inseparable from democratic accountability, scientific rationality, strong public services, environmental conservation, technological sovereignty, and long-term strategic independence.
The positions expressed here are not intended as a party platform.
They are an attempt to state clearly what I think public institutions should protect, what should remain under democratic control, and how political decisions should be evaluated.
I try to distinguish between:
- values;
- factual claims;
- scientific or technical constraints;
- political choices;
- areas where my position is still uncertain.
My views may evolve when evidence, experience, or better arguments justify changing them.
I do not consider changing one's mind in response to better information a political weakness.
Principles
My general political principles are described in Principles.
They provide the framework behind the more specific positions presented in this section.
Democracy and institutions
Democracy and Institutions discusses parliamentary responsibility, citizen participation, referendums, democratic control, and open digital infrastructure for public debate.
Society
Society covers healthcare, education, public services, justice, security, immigration, housing, individual liberty, secularism, disability, and culture.
Economy and work
Economy and Work presents my views on markets, public ownership, taxation, wages, labour, housing, social protection, public debt, and economic balance.
Science and research
Science and Research covers public research, open science, reproducibility, scientific sovereignty, research funding, publication, scientific expertise, and public knowledge.
Technology and digital policy
Technology and Digital Policy discusses free software, public code, open standards, interoperability, privacy, encryption, digital sovereignty, and technological dependence.
Energy
Energy presents my views on nuclear power, electrification, decarbonisation, public energy infrastructure, European energy sovereignty, and long-term system planning.
Environment
Environment covers conservation, resource use, biodiversity, transport, agriculture, durability, repairability, land use, and environmental limits.
Europe
Europe presents my views on European federal development, democratic control, public investment, strategic autonomy, digital sovereignty, defence coordination, and common infrastructure.
International relations
International Relations covers European strategic independence, alliances, defence, international law, human rights, trade, scientific cooperation, and multilateral institutions.
A note on uncertainty
I do not intend to publish a position on every political question.
Some subjects are too uncertain, too rapidly evolving, or insufficiently examined for me to consider my views stable enough to present publicly.
In those cases, I prefer to leave the question open rather than manufacture a position for the sake of completeness.
Pages
- Democracy and Institutions — Views on democracy, parliamentary government, referendums, citizen participation, and open democratic infrastructure.
- Economy and Work — Views on markets, public ownership, taxation, wages, labour, public services, housing, and economic balance.
- Energy — Views on nuclear power, decarbonisation, electrification, infrastructure, energy sovereignty, and resource efficiency.
- Environment — Views on conservation, resource use, biodiversity, transport, industry, and environmental limits.
- Europe — Views on European integration, democratic institutions, sovereignty, strategic autonomy, and digital independence.
- International Relations — Views on European strategic autonomy, defence, alliances, international law, and global cooperation.
- Principles — The principles underlying my political views.
- Science and Research — Views on public research, scientific freedom, open science, reproducibility, public funding, and scientific sovereignty.
- Society — Views on healthcare, education, public services, security, justice, immigration, civil liberties, and social inclusion.
- Technology and Digital Policy — Views on free software, digital sovereignty, open standards, interoperability, privacy, and technological independence.